Introduction
Labor Day, celebrated annually on May 1, is a significant event in many countries worldwide, including the Philippines. Known as ‘Araw ng mga Manggagawa’ in Filipino, it is a day dedicated to honoring the hard work and contributions of workers across the country.
Historical Background
The first celebration of Labor Day in the Philippines took place on May 1, 1903. Over 100,000 employees, organized by the country’s first labor organization, Union Obrera Democratica de Filipina (U.O.D.F.), marched from Tondo’s Plaza Moriones to Malacanang. These workers protested against the then-American-led government, demanding fair wages and better working conditions. This event is considered one of the first protests in the streets of Manila.
Five years later, on April 8, 1908, the Philippine Assembly passed a bill recognizing May 1 as Labor Day. It was declared a national holiday. The first official Labor Day celebration was held on May 1, 1913, when Herminigildo Cruz, one of the founders of U.O.D.F., organized the Congreso Obrero de Filipinas.
Significance of Labor Day
Labor Day is more than just a day off from work. It is a day to remember the struggles and victories of the working class. It is a day to celebrate the achievements of labor movements, including the establishment of fair labor standards and the recognition of workers’ rights.
In the Philippines, Labor Day is a platform for workers to demand better wages, benefits, and working conditions. It has been synonymous with demonstrations and rallies organized by the labor sector since 1903. To convince the Philippine government to raise the minimum wage, eliminate labor contractualization, and control market fuel prices, more than 40 labor federations joined forces to form the NAGKAISA coalition in 2012.
Labor Day Celebrations
On Labor Day, people in the Philippines relax and spend the day with their family and friends. At Malacanang (the previous American Governor’s residence, now Presidential palace) and in major cities like Manila, labor movements and parades are a part of the celebrations. These activities draw attention to their complaints, which include the minimum wage, inhumane working conditions, and other issues that undermine the rights of employees.
In recent years, various activities such as rallies, parades, job fairs, cultural performances, seminars, and workshops focused on labor rights and fair employment practices have been organized. For instance, the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) often launches job fairs as part of its Labor Day celebrations.
Conclusion
Labor Day in the Philippines is a testament to the resilience and strength of the Filipino worker. It serves as a reminder of the struggles faced by workers and the victories they have achieved. As we celebrate Labor Day, let us remember the hardworking Filipinos who have contributed to the growth and development of our nation.