The Significance of Holy Thursday
Thursday of Holy Week, also called Maundy Thursday, is one of the most pivotal days in the Christian liturgical calendar. It commemorates key events that occurred the night before Jesus' crucifixion. Observed by millions of Christians around the world, this sacred day marks the institution of the Eucharist (Holy Communion), Jesus washing His disciples’ feet, and the beginning of His Passion.
Understanding what happened on Holy Thursday provides a deep insight into the foundations of Christian faith and the events leading up to Good Friday.
What Is Maundy Thursday?
The word “Maundy” comes from the Latin word mandatum, meaning “commandment,” referencing Jesus’ new commandment to “love one another as I have loved you” (John 13:34). Holy Thursday is celebrated during Holy Week, three days before Easter Sunday, and is part of the Paschal Triduum—the three-day period that begins with the Mass of the Lord's Supper and ends on Easter.
Key Events That Happened on Holy Thursday
1. The Last Supper
The Last Supper was Jesus’ final meal with His disciples before His crucifixion. It is the origin of the Eucharist or Holy Communion, a sacrament central to most Christian denominations.
Biblical Reference: Matthew 26:26-28; Luke 22:19-20; 1 Corinthians 11:23-26
What happened:
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Jesus broke bread and shared wine with His disciples.
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He said, “This is my body... This is my blood,” establishing the practice of the Eucharist.
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He predicted that one of the disciples would betray Him—referring to Judas Iscariot.
2. Jesus Washes the Disciples’ Feet
In an act of deep humility, Jesus washed the feet of His disciples—something normally done by a servant. This act exemplified servant leadership and love.
Biblical Reference: John 13:1-17
Why it matters:
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It symbolized Jesus' mission to serve, not to be served.
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It taught the disciples to love and serve one another.
3. The New Commandment
After the foot washing, Jesus gave a new commandment:
“Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another.” — John 13:34
This commandment is the theological core of Maundy Thursday and the reason for its name.
4. Institution of the Priesthood
During the Last Supper, Jesus instructed His apostles to “do this in memory of me,” which many Christians, particularly Roman Catholics, interpret as the institution of the sacrament of Holy Orders or the priesthood.
5. The Betrayal by Judas Iscariot
Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve Apostles, left the meal early to betray Jesus to the religious leaders for thirty pieces of silver.
Biblical Reference: Matthew 26:14–16; John 13:21–30
This act of betrayal set into motion the events of Good Friday—Jesus’ arrest, trial, and crucifixion.
6. The Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane
After the meal, Jesus and His disciples went to the Garden of Gethsemane, where Jesus prayed in deep sorrow over what was to come. It was here that He was arrested.
Biblical Reference: Matthew 26:36-56
How Christians Observe Maundy Thursday
In Churches:
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The Mass of the Lord’s Supper is celebrated, often including the washing of feet.
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The Eucharist is emphasized and the tabernacle is emptied in preparation for Good Friday.
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In Catholic, Anglican, and some Protestant churches, there is a solemn stripping of the altar, symbolizing Christ being stripped of His garments.
At Home:
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Families may read scripture passages from the Gospels.
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Some observe foot washing rituals or share a symbolic meal.
Why Is Holy Thursday Important?
Holy Thursday is not just a historical remembrance—it's a spiritual cornerstone. It embodies:
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Love and service through the foot washing.
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The gift of the Eucharist as spiritual nourishment.
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The example of humility Jesus set for His followers.
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The beginning of Christ’s Passion, leading to the salvation of humanity.
Common Questions About Maundy Thursday
Is Maundy Thursday a Holy Day of Obligation?
In some countries, such as the United States, Maundy Thursday is not a Holy Day of Obligation, but attending Mass is highly encouraged.
What does "maundy" mean?
“Maundy” comes from the Latin mandatum, meaning “commandment,” referencing Jesus’ command to love one another.
What colors are used on Maundy Thursday?
The liturgical color is typically white, symbolizing purity and the institution of the Eucharist. However, after the service, the church may be stripped bare in preparation for Good Friday.
The Last Supper and the Legacy of Love
Maundy Thursday is a profound reminder of what it means to lead with humility, to serve with love, and to sacrifice for others. It prepares the hearts of Christians for the solemnity of Good Friday and the triumph of Easter Sunday. Reflecting on what happened on Holy Thursday allows believers to connect deeply with the core of Christian faith and the journey of Jesus to the cross.